Thursday, November 04, 2004
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Wednesday, November 03, 2004
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Abstract
Han Shu，Written at the end of ancient times,is one of the most important representative works for Chinese language research.It not on ly inherited many words of Pre-Qin Chinese b ut dveloped a lot of new disyllabic and polysyllabic words as well, which enrich es the l exicon system of Chinese, and shows a distinctive feature in the history of Chin e se lexicon. Fro m the aspects of word formation, morphology,semantic formation,synonym,polyseman t and the development of the meaning, this thesis tries to describe and analyse t he disyllabic and polysyllabic words in the hope of not only probing into the in ternal law of their development and their development situati ons at the end of ancient times,but also trying to provide some useful materials for the research of the history of Chinese lexicon.Based on the profound rese ar ch, this thesis draws an important conclution that the interacting relatianship between the meaning formation and the construction mode is a vital clue to und erstand the internal law of the developoment of the disyllabic and polysyllabic words.
Key Words: HanShu Disyllabic and Polysyllabic Words.
THESIS: A Study on the Numeration in Middle Chinese
SPECIALIZATION: Chinese Linguistics and Graphetics
POSTGRADUATE: Zhang Yancheng
MENTOR: Professor Liu Shizhen
ABSTRACT
The inadequate study on the numeration in Middle Chinese has been hindered the thorough diachronic research on the Chinese numeration. My research shows that the numeration in Middle Chinese has developed quite a few new forms and usages, comparing with that in Old Chinese. The main points and new observations made on Middle Chinese in this thesis can be summarized as follows.
Firstly, the syntactic function of the numerals had new development. For instances, the formation Num + LM (classifiers and measure words) had developed many non-adnominal usages; Num +LM+N could function as a single word in certain conditions; Num+LM+N and V+Num+L which is popular in Modern Chinese had emerged more frequently than N+Num+LM and Num+L+V which was often used in Old Chinese; etc. Based on exhaustive description and case study, I also explored the regularity underlying the process of the diachronic development on the basic patterns of the numeration in Chinese.
Secondly, the structure of the compound numerals appeared new features. The variants of the numeral two had gained new usages. The ellipsis of one in a compound numeral was relative to the factors on the style, structure, pragmatics, prosody and rhythm. The ellipsis of the round number was also a new phenomenon. The conjunctive"有"among the compound numerals in Old Chinese remained to be used for some reasons.
Thirdly, there emerged many new types of number approximations concerning approximators, exemplar numbers, and redundant forms of approximation. I tried to classify the approximators into four types according to a reference point number. I found that the development of expression on approximating quantities related closely with the formation of the structures made up with four morphemes, which could accounts for the inproductivity of the AABB structure of numerals in Modern Chinese.
Fourthly, many new observations on ordinals, fractions and multiples were made in this paper. For examples, Di(第)+Num+Head was emerged in Western Han dynasty, then used more in Eastern Han dynasty and widely used in Middle Chinese. Num1(denominator)+fenzhi(分之)+Num2(numerator),the typical pattern of fractions , had become very matured; meanwhile, there emerged some new proper names of fractions because of the development of mathematics, astronomy and calendar.
In the end, I explored especially the numeration characteristics in the sutra in Eastern Han dynasty, with the conclusion that the numeration in the sutra showed the new trends on the development of Chinese numeration and the rich redundant forms of numeration in the sutra was a distinctive feature which could be accounted for by not only the expressive need on the meanings in the sutra but also the historical accumulation of the residual forms of the numeration in Old Chinese.
Key words: Middle Chinese Numeration Diachronic development
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Tuesday, November 02, 2004
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Education (教育程度)
Work Experience (工作经历)
Research Interests (研究兴趣)
Research Projects (研究项目)
Publications (发表论著)
Presentations (论文报告)
Dissertations (博士论文)
Membership (学会会员)
Online Lecture Notes (网上课程讲义)
Abstract
Instructed by the theory of Chinese traditional linguistics and modern theory of typology and grammaticalization, this dissertation selected the prefix A- which is an important phenomenon in the history of Chinese grammar as a case study. Based on researches on a great deal historical materials and profound analysis, especially comparative studies on the modern Chinese dialects and the Chinese minimal national languages and foreign languages, the article newly explained the origin and development of the prefix A- and brought forward a new opinion of “original voicing ”. The paper probed into the grammaticalized process of the prefix A- and some related problems on typology and gained several breakthroughs such as putting forward a new conception of “historical levels” on grammaticaliztion and the “unidirectionality”, discussing some generant universals on the language’s origin and change, recognizing the roles of the unique small contexts acted on the grammaticalization and the broadening process of grammatical rules, realizing the necessity of combination of researches on historical grammar and on Chinese etymology. On the research methods, the thesis stressed the importance of combination of diachronic and synchronic studies, quantitative and qualitative analysis.
Keywords: Historical grammar, affix, prefix, morphology, grammaticalization.